by admin on September 2, 2010
Expedition Everest
Opened: April 7, 2006
Location: Asia
Extra Magic Hours: Morning, Evening
FASTPASS: Yes
Type: Roller coaster
Similar To: Rock ‘N’ Roller Coaster, only outside
Requirements: Must be 44” or taller to ride
Scary Factor: This section does contain spoilers after the second sentence. Medium. Along with Rock ‘N’ Roller Coaster and the Tower of Terror, Expedition Everest is one of the most intense thrill rides at Disney World. There is a fairly substantial backwards drop through the dark and the ride is faster than any of the coasters at the Magic Kingdom. The Yeti also makes an appearance near the end of the ride, but he tends to malfunction and he usually isn’t lit up or even obviously present. If you don’t look up you probably won’t even notice him.
Can My Kids and I Handle Expedition Everest? More Spoilers. Expedition Everest is intense for Disney World, but not compared to most of the coasters at Universal Studios, Six Flags, or other theme parks. If you enjoyed Tower of Tower, Rock ‘N’ Roller Coaster, or any other “big coaster” at another theme park then you shouldn’t have a problem with Expedition Everest either. It is a step up in terms of intensity from Thunder Mountain Railroad or Space Mountain, but most riders enjoy Everest, even if they went in scared or weren’t expecting to enjoy it. There are no loops or inversions and the only real “uh oh” moment is when the coaster drops backwards. The other positive is that the ride is amazingly smooth. There is little jostling or jerkiness to be concerned about.
When To Go: Like all major attractions, the best time to ride is right when the Animal Kingdom opens, after 4:00pm, with FASTPASS, or during the final hour of evening Extra Magic Hours.
Expect to Wait: Expect lines to be 30+ minutes by 10:30am and 60+ minutes in the afternoon.
Length: 3 minutes
What to Expect: Along with the newer Kali River Rapids, Expedition Everest has one of the more interesting queue areas. There are many interesting artifacts that create the back story of the mysterious beast that resides in the mountain. After the queue is completed, riders are seated in one of six cars that are attached to each other to make one long train. Each car has three rows (except the last which has two) and can seat two people per row, for a total of 34 people per train. The Expedition begins and riders are taken through a number of high speed twists, turns, and drops before a final confrontation with the Yeti.
Rating: 9/10
Commentary: Although not on par with many of Universal Studio’s or Six Flags’ coasters as far as speed and intensity are concerned, Expedition Everest excels because of the story and the creativity that went into the ride. Disney is certainly capable of creating the world’s wildest coaster, but they simply don’t want to because it doesn’t really fit into what they do. What we do have is an excellent attraction that the entire family can enjoy. It’s not so intense that the younger crowd won’t want to ride it, but not so tame that teenagers and adults won’t be impressed. Expedition Everest is an excellent attraction and probably the second best ride at Animal Kingdom, slightly behind Kilimanjaro Safari.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Festival of the Lion King
Opened: April 22, 1998
Location: Camp Minnie-Mickey
Extra Magic Hours: There is usually one show during evening Extra Magic Hours, scheduled for one hour after Extra Magic Hours starts (i.e. if EMH starts at 6pm then the show will begin at 7pm).
FASTPASS: No
Type: Musical theater show
Similar To: Unique in its scope and elaborateness
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Zero
When To Go: There are usually eight scheduled performances throughout the day. The first show in the morning and the last show in the early evening are usually the least crowded. If you are planning to skip the Parade, head to the show that begins around 3:30pm. Although the theater is nicely air conditioned, the queue area is not and it gets hot, especially in the afternoon. If the Park is not busy and you are eligible for Extra Magic Hours, you may want to go to that show. It will be cooler in the evening and the line won’t be as hot.
Expect to Wait: The opening of Finding Nemo the Musical has taken some of the pressure off Festival of the Lion King, but it’s still usually necessary to arrive at least 30 minutes prior to the start of the show during slow seasons and as much as an hour before the start of the show during peak and holiday seasons. If you don’t want to wait as long, try going to the earliest showing shortly before it starts to see if you can get in. If you can’t, you’ll know you need to arrive much earlier to get in to a later show.
Length: 30 minutes
What to Expect: Festival of the Lion King takes place in what is now an enclosed, air-conditioned circus tent like arena with four separated bleacher sections. The show features acrobatics, animatronics, singing, dancing, fire, theater, and the most elaborate costumes and sets you’ll find at Disney World. The show has an exciting pace and there is almost too much to take in as more than 50 performers move about the stage throughout the show.
Rating: 10/10
Commentary: Festival of the Lion King is many visitors’ favorite show in all of Disney World. If you’re only going to watch one show at the Animal Kingdom, I would highly recommend making this it. I would advise sitting higher up in the bleachers in order to have the best view. People sitting in the first five or so rows don’t have a great panoramic view of the stage and can only see what’s directly in front of them. Because the queue area gets so hot in the afternoon, I like to go the Extra Magic Hours performance which usually doesn’t require the 45 minute wait and is almost always cooler than waiting in the hot afternoon sun. I would recommend everyone to try to work Festival of the Lion King into their itinerary. Just about every person who sees it thoroughly enjoys it.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Finding Nemo The Musical
Opened: January 2007
Location: DinoLand USA
Extra Magic Hours: No, not usually. Rarely, there is a show during evening Extra Magic Hours.
FASTPASS: No
Reserved Seating: If you have an advanced reservation (i.e. reserving online or by phone prior to your arrival at the Park) at Tusker House for seating between 1:00pm and 1:40pm, you will receive one ticket per person for the reserved seating section of the 3:15pm performance of the Finding Nemo Musical . If your reservation is between 1:50pm and 2:45pm and there is a show at 4:45pm then you will receive reserved seats for that show. You are asked to be present at the show 30 minutes prior to show time and you will be led in before the other guests to a reserved area close to the stage on the right side.
Type: Musical theater show
Similar To: Voyage of the Little Mermaid
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Zero
When To Go: There are usually five scheduled shows throughout the day. Your timing depends on whether or not you want to see Mickey’s Jammin’ Jungle Parade which is usually scheduled for 3:45pm. If you don’t, I would go to the 3:15pm performance because it will be the least crowded due to people getting ready for the parade. After the show you can usually ride the major attractions with less of a wait because people tend to leave soon after the Parade. If you are planning to watch the Parade, I would watch the early afternoon show, usually around 11:30am. If you eat a quick lunch before the show, you’ll beat the lunch crowd and be ready to ride the major attractions while the majority of people are eating. During the busiest seasons you may want to take advantage of Tusker House reserved seating. Tusker House is an underrated buffet with a large selection and excellent food.
Expect to Wait: The theater holds 1,500 people which is usually adequate, but you’ll want to be lined up for the Musical about 30 minutes before it’s scheduled to start to ensure a quality seat. You may be able to walk right in during the slowest seasons or need to get there 45 minutes early during the busiest seasons. It depends mostly on the time of year and how many visitors are in the Park.
Length: 30 minutes
What to Expect: Finding Nemo – The Musical is an elaborate stage show that features the characters from the Finding Nemo movie. The show is housed in an air-conditioned theater with fairly comfortable bench seats with backs. Tony Award winner Robert Lopez and his wife penned 16 original songs for the show and Michael Curry, who helped design the wildly successful Lion King Broadway show, served as lead designer. The show is similar to the Lion King in that the actors and puppeteers wear costumes and are just as much a part of the show as the puppets themselves. While technically “puppets,” many are as large as domestic automobiles, so don’t be put off by this being “just a puppet show” because it’s much, much more than that.
Rating: 7/10
Commentary: Finding Nemo, while an excellent show, is just the second or third best show at the Animal Kingdom. Festival of the Lion King is definitely superior and many people enjoy Flights of Wonder more as well. Finding Nemo is still a fun show, especially for younger kids or those who enjoy musicals and stage shows. Surprisingly, the biggest complaint about Nemo is that the puppeteers and actors are visible throughout the performance, but that’s intentional and an integral part of the storytelling. The middle of the show isn’t particularly exciting or interesting either. I would recommend Finding Nemo if you have time, but if it’s a choice between Nemo and the Lion King, I would definitely go with the Lion King. If you have kids, they’ll probably want to see Nemo over Flights of Wonder, which is fine. Without kids, Flights of Wonder is the better show for most people. Finding Nemo The Musical does have the most comfortable seating of the theater shows at Disney’s Animal Kingdom and it is air-conditioned, so you may want to take that into consideration if you’re looking for a cool, comfortable break from walking the Park.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Flights of Wonder
Opened: April 22, 1998
Location: Asia
Extra Magic Hours: No
FASTPASS: No
Type: Live bird show
Similar To: Unique
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Zero, unless you’ve been watching too much Alfred Hitchcock.
When To Go: The show is scheduled throughout the day at specific times so check your schedule to see when it will be offered (usually 10:30am, 11:30am, 1pm, 2pm, 3pm). There’s almost always plenty of seating so shows “selling out” shouldn’t be an issue. I like to have an early lunch at Yak & Yeti and watch Flights of Wonder right after, but any of the afternoon showings at your convenience would be fine.
Expect to Wait: I would get there about ten minutes early to make sure you get seated. If you want to be near the stage, arrive even earlier. There’s no line or queue, just a bunch of people surrounding the entrance.
Length: 30 minutes
What to Expect: Flights of Wonder is a one part educational and one part entertaining show featuring more than 20 species of rare and exotic birds. You’ll see and learn about Bald Eagles, Barbary Falcons, Harris Hawks, Yellow-napped Amazon Parrots, Toco Toucans, and more. The birds are fascinating and your host, Guana Joe, is funny throughout. The show is in a shaded area that is cooler than the rest of the Park, but not air-conditioned. Make sure to stay after the show and make your way to the stage to see some of the birds up close and talk with the stars of the show.
Rating: 9/10
Commentary: Flights of Wonder is one of the best shows in all of Disney World and certainly one of the best kept secrets. Everyone should enjoy it, from the youngest kids to the most cynical teenagers to the thrill seekers and everyone in between. The birds steal the show and the scripted human elements have improved as well. Many visitors will overlook Flights in favor of more “recognizable” names like Finding Nemo and the Lion King, but I would do your best to fit this one in as well. You will not be disappointed.
by admin on September 2, 2010
It’s Tough To Be A Bug
Opened: April 22, 1998
Location: Discovery Island, inside the root system of the Tree of Life
Extra Magic Hours: Morning, Evening
FASTPASS: Yes
Type: 3D Show
Similar To: Honey I Shrunk the Audience, Muppet Vision 3-D
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: This section does include “spoilers.” Low for most people 12 and older, but may frighten kids younger than that. Spiders, termites, beetles, hornets, and more make appearances and there are several effects that add to the terror including smoke that fills the room, a sting that comes from the back of the seat, insects dropping from the ceiling, and the sensation that bugs are running under your feet. If you’re scared of bugs, this show may not be for you. At the same time, all of the bugs are “cartoony” like in the movie, not realistic. If you want to avoid the slight “sting,” sit with your back away from the seat when the bees show up. You can also ask to sit in the back near the exit if you’re nervous about the show.
When To Go: If you’ve already ridden Dinosaur, Expedition Everest, and Kilimanjaro Safari in the morning, the afternoon or right before lunch would be a good time to go. The theater and much of the queue area are well air-conditioned which makes It’s Tough a nice break from long lines and the heat, if all the bugginess doesn’t bother you. Because of the way Animal Kingdom is set up, you’ll probably be passing by Discovery Island a few times throughout the day so you can check to see if the line is short. I wouldn’t rush here early in the morning because Expedition Everest and Kilimanjaro Safari will have much longer lines in the afternoon than It’s Tough To Be A Bug. If you’re eligible for Extra Magic Hours, this is a good attraction to hit right when EMH starts because the theater is large there shouldn’t be any wait. You can then move on to the more popular rides as the Park empties.
Expect to Wait: The theater is large so expect waits of 20 minutes or less before 11am and 45 minutes or less in the afternoon. Lines tend to be shorter after 4pm as well.
Length: 8 minutes
What to Expect: It’s Tough To Be A Bug is more intense than you might imagine. The theater is dark, loud, and there are a number of effects that “add” to the experience (explained in the ‘Scary Factor’ section above). Otherwise, It’s Tough To Be A Bug is a fun 3D show that most guests enjoy.
Early Release: It’s Tough To Be A Bug debuted at Disney’s Animal Kingdom seven months before the movie was released in theaters.
Rating: 8/10
Commentary: Not much else to say. This is a better show for teenagers and adults than it is for younger kids, but at the same time some kids love it while some adults can’t handle it. The great majority of people do enjoy the show – just be careful if you have kids who got scared during other attractions.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Kali River Rapids
Opened: March 18, 1999
Location: Asia
Extra Magic Hours: Evening (may not be included during winter, depending on weather)
FASTPASS: Yes
Type: Rafting ride
Similar To: Grizzly River Run at Disney’s California Adventure
Requirements: Must be 38” tall to ride
Scary Factor: Low to medium. The ride starts off with a 90 foot uphill ascent, but there are no drops any more significant than the initial drop at Pirates of the Caribbean.
When To Go: Kali River Rapids opens 30 minutes after the rest of the Park (9:30am) so you may be able to walk right on if you go to Expedition Everest first in the morning and then Kali immediately after. On chilly mornings, you may want to wait until later in the day when it warms up due to how wet you’ll get on the ride. I would recommend riding after 4pm unless you’re looking to get wet or cool off in the middle of the day, in which case I would use a FASTPASS because the line will likely exceed 30 minutes. The nearby Maharajah Jungle Trek trail is a good way to spend time until your FASTPASS time arrives.
Expect to Wait: Lines before 11am are usually in the 10-30 minute range and may get as long as 60 or more minutes in the afternoon.
Length: 5 minutes total, but most of that is spent in the ascension to the top of the Rapids. Expect about two minutes of actual rafting down the river.
What to Expect: Kali River Rapids follows a story about the destruction caused by illegal forestry. Riders board large rafts that seat 12 people in a single row around the outside perimeter of the raft. In the middle of the raft is a covered compartment where you can store personal belongings. Your raft will be pulled up a 90 foot hill and then be released to freely float down the rapids. Your raft will pass through geysers, waterfalls, and beautiful tropical jungles before plummeting down a 30-foot waterfall. The drop isn’t fast or particularly thrilling, but it is still fun. Expect to get drenched on Kali. The ride itself won’t get you very wet until you go down the drop, but at the end of the ride there are a number of “water-shooters” that will be manned by other Park guests. They will aim at your raft and shoot buckets of water at you. Most riders leave soaked to the skin. On the other hand, depending on where you’re sitting and the aim of the water-shooters, you may emerge only slightly soaked.
How to Stay Dry: The compartment in the middle of each raft is handy, but it isn’t waterproof and there may be a puddle of water on the bottom of it from previous rides. You’ll want to bring Ziploc bags for electronics, purses, or other items that might be damaged by water or go into the nearest shop and ask for a shopping bag to wrap your belongings. Either of these should provide enough protection from the water and banging around inside of the compartment. If you have a backpack, you will still want to put important belongings in a Ziploc because the backpack may soak through. A large garbage bag will also do the trick and be easy to retrieve after the ride is over. The biggest problem people run into on Kali, other than ruined electronics, is the fact that you can’t go barefoot on the ride. You’ll have to bring sandals to wear if you want to remove your shoes and socks. Even if getting wet feels good in the summer, wet socks and shoes aren’t usually pleasant. I don’t recommend wearing sandals or “water-shoes” the entire day because they don’t offer enough support for all-day walking. A cheap poncho should keep your body dry, but you’ll have to bring those too if you don’t want to pay exceptionally high Disney prices. You can also store your belongings in a locker at the front of Disney’s Animal Kingdom, but they aren’t particularly convenient to Kali so you’ll have to walk to the front entrance to deposit or pickup items. You could bring an extra set of clothes, shoes, and socks and store them in a locker to retrieve if you become too uncomfortable.
Rating: 7/10
Commentary: Kali River Rapids is a fun ride, but it’s short and you’re probably going to get drenched. Some people do walk off the ride mostly unscathed, but it’s impossible to guarantee that will happen. It’s such a hassle to bring ponchos, sandals, and worry about getting expensive electronics ruined that I’ve been known to skip it altogether, especially during cooler seasons. In summer, getting wet will cool you down and cover up the fact that you’re sweating profusely in Florida weather, but wet shoes and socks are never fun. You’ll at least want to bring sandals or try to keep your feet off the bottom of the raft, even if you want the rest of your body to get wet.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Kilimanjaro Safaris
Opened: April 22, 1998
Location: Africa
Extra Magic Hours: Morning
FASTPASS: Yes, strongly recommended. Get your FASTPASS as early as possible because they almost always run out before Park closing.
Type: Safari simulator
Similar To: Unique
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Low. The animals look like they could stroll right up to the vehicles, but there are cleverly camouflaged barriers and drops protecting both the animals and passengers.
When To Go: I recommend riding Kilimanjaro Safaris at least twice – once first thing in the morning and a second time after 4pm. The animals are most active early in the morning and late in the afternoon when they know it’s about time to go to their barn and be fed. If you try to ride in the late morning or early afternoon, it’s likely you’ll run into 90+ minute lines and fewer animals actively moving around.
Expect to Wait: Expect lines to be 60+ minutes by lunchtime and may peak at 120 minutes or more.
Length: 20 minutes
What to Expect: You will board a 32-passenger open-air Safari Truck and take a trip through the 100-acre Harambe Wildlife Reserve. There are a great number of animals that you may see during the ride, including black and white rhinoceroses, cheetahs, flamingos, lions, giraffes, warthogs, zebras, wildebeests, ostriches, crocodiles, antelopes, and more. The problem is that the animals aren’t always “out” and your viewing may be limited by the time of day and simple “luck of the draw.” The Safari follows a loose story about missing elephants and poachers and there will be a live guide to narrate and answer questions during the Safari. The Safari vehicles only stop for a few moments throughout the ride so make sure you have your camera or binoculars ready. The ride isn’t particularly rough, especially now that the seats are cushioned, but if you’re concerned about being jostled then request seats closer to the front of the truck where the ride isn’t as rough.
Rating: 10/10
Depressing Ending, Anyone? Before the ride opened to the public, there was a version of the story where Big Red, the elephant you’re so desperately trying to rescue, actually ends up dying at the end of the ride. As you might imagine, animals tragically dying was deemed too upsetting to visitors and the story was changed.
Size Matters: The Wildlife Reserve is so large that you could easily fit the entire Magic Kingdom Theme Park inside of it.
Commentary: Kilimanjaro Safaris is the headlining ride at Disney’s Animal Kingdom and my personal favorite attraction at Disney World. Everyone should enjoy it, from preschoolers to thrill ride enthusiasts. My only complaint, which you will probably share, is that I wish the ride would last longer.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Maharajah Jungle Trek
Opened: March 18, 1999
Location: Asia
Extra Magic Hours: No
FASTPASS: No
Type: Self-guided walking tour, zoo exhibit
Similar To: Pangani Forest Exploration Trail
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Zero
When To Go: The Bengal tigers are most active in the early morning and between 4-5pm (because they know they’re about to be fed). If you want to see the tigers moving around, these times are your best chance. Otherwise, much of the Trek is shaded and cooler than other areas in the Animal Kingdom, which makes it a good choice during the afternoon heat when attraction lines are at their longest.
Expect to Wait: No waits
Length: The Maharajah Jungle Trek is a little longer than a third of a mile and most visitors spend about 20 minutes walking through it. You can take as much or as little time as you like looking at the animals.
What to Expect: Maharajah Jungle Trek does not suffer from several of the problems that plague the Pangani Trail – the trail is wider, there is more room to view the animals, and the Kilimanjaro Safari doesn’t drop off thousands of people in front of the entrance throughout the day. This makes Maharajah more pleasant in the afternoon. Otherwise, like Pangani, Maharajah is a trail that takes visitors through several zoo-like exhibits and enclosures. You’ll see Bengal tigers, the world’s largest Komodo dragon, Malayan tapirs, Blackbuck and Elds deer, and hundreds of exotic birds. There is also a separate house-like enclosure where you can view Rodrigues fruit bats and Malayan Flying Fox bats, but you can easily skip it if you’d rather not see bats. The bats are not visible unless you enter the clearly labeled exhibit.
Rating: 9/10
Commentary: I strongly recommend walking the Maharajah Jungle Trek. No one themes an area like Disney and no zoo on the planet puts in as much time, effort, and money into creating an experience as authentic and magical as Disney does. You have the opportunity to view a number of rare endangered species in some of the best exhibits in the world. If it sounds like I’m strong-arming you into doing something you don’t want to do, it’s only because so many people skip these wonderful trails. Don’t be one of them. You’ll miss out on much more than you could ever gain from another ride on “Dinosaur.”
by admin on September 2, 2010
Pangani Forest Exploration Trail
Opened: April 22, 1998
Location: Africa, near Kilimanjaro Safaris
Extra Magic Hours: Morning
FASTPASS: No
Type: Self-guided walking tour, zoo exhibit
Similar To: Maharajah Jungle Trek
Requirements: None
Scary Factor: Zero
When To Go: This is a difficult choice because Pangani can get crowded in the late morning and afternoon, but most people go to Animal Kingdom for the rides, which “should” be done first, early in the morning. Pangani has no line and it’s self-guided so you will always be able to get on the path, but it may be crowded, especially during peak and holiday seasons. If seeing the animals is more important than the rides and attractions, you will want to do Pangani early in the morning. If Expedition Everest, Dinosaur, and the Safari are more important then you’ll want to save it for after those rides.
Expect to Wait: No waits
Length: The Pangani Trail is a little less than a half mile long. Most visitors spend about 20 minutes moving through the trail and the various exhibits, but you can spend as much or as little time as you like.
What to Expect: The Pangani Trail is one of the two major “zoo-like” trail exhibits at the Animal Kingdom. Visitors walk along the path and enter various enclosures and exhibits that show off the animals in their “native” habitat. Expect to see hippopotamuses, meerkats, naked mole rats, gorillas, okapi (the only known relative of the giraffe), and an extensive number of rare African bird species.
Rating: 9/10
Commentary: Both the Pangani Forest Exploration Trail and Maharajah Jungle Trek are must-experience attractions at the Animal Kingdom. Many visitors will overlook them and focus on the rides and shows, but this is a mistake. You may have zoos with similar animals and exhibits near where you live, but they won’t have Disney’s budget or ability to theme an exhibit so extravagantly. Since you can ride most of the major rides before lunch or early afternoon, you should have plenty of time to walk the trails. You won’t regret it.
by admin on September 2, 2010
Primeval Whirl
Opened: April 18, 2002
Location: Chester and Hester’s Dino-Rama in DinoLand USA
Extra Magic Hours: Evening
FASTPASS: Yes
Type: Spinning Roller Coaster
Similar To: Nothing similar at Disney World. It’s basically a “Wild-Mouse” roller coaster similar to ones found at many state or county fairs, except the ride vehicles spin throughout the ride.
Requirements: Must be 48” tall to ride
Scary Factor: Low. Primeval Whirl isn’t as intense as Thunder Mountain Railroad, Space Mountain, Dinosaur, or other roller coasters, but it is more thrilling than Peter Pan’s Flight or Pirates of the Caribbean.
When To Go: Try to ride before noon, after 4pm, with FASTPASS (if available), or during evening Extra Magic Hours.
Expect to Wait: Lines are usually 20 minutes or less before 12pm and may increase to 30+ minutes in the afternoon.
Length: About 90 seconds
What to Expect: Primeval Whirl is a short, spinning, “Wild Mouse” type ride that seems like it belongs in a carnival rather than a billion dollar Disney World Park. Nonetheless, this is precisely what Disney wanted and it fits in with the overall theme of the area which is full of other carnival games and rides. The only problem most riders have is with the “jerkiness” of the motion. The spinning abruptly starts and stops throughout the ride which causes a sort of “snapping” of the body back and forth against the restraints. If you would prefer the ride not to spin much, try to even out the weight on both sides of the ride vehicle. For example, have one adult and one child on each side rather than two children on one side and two adults on the other. This will result in the ride spinning less. Despite potential jerkiness, it is a fun ride and the theme is distinctly funky.
Oops: Reverchon Industries, the amusement ride company that Disney purchased the Primeval Whirl from, filed bankruptcy in 2008 and closed down all manufacturing and operations.
Rating: 6/10
Commentary: Primeval Whirl isn’t a headlining ride, but it’s worth doing if there’s a relatively short wait or if you can FASTPASS it. It’s extremely short and will be over before you know it. The ride is jerky though, so if you don’t like spinning or have a particularly bad back or neck then I would consider skipping it altogether.
